PREDICTIVE POLICING: A Machine Learning Approach to Predict and Control Crimes in Metropolitan Cities

Security is the one of the basic need of human’s life and biggest challenge of history that cannot be diminished at least in metropolitan cities like Karachi. It can only be controlled by efficient resources allocation and effective strategies with forthcoming insight of criminal moves. Big data analytics with the support of machine learning algorithms makes it possible to deals with huge amount of data, extract hidden inter-connection, pattern and meaningful information. This paper, proposed the model for the predictive policing system and built test model using k-means and naïve Bayes methodologies for street crime in Karachi region. The model is then run under R and WEKA environment which produced accuracy around 70%

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability

MATURATIONANDTRAUMA IN WOMEN'S WAR NARRATIVES: ICE CANDAY MAN

The concept of feminism has been variously interpreted by different critics in annals of literary history.The critics strikingly criticized the male dominance and male chauvinism in all spheres of life. In retaliation to these ideas many critics justified their own point of view that ladies are not marginalized in different cultures of the world especially Islamic world where ladies have very prominent and pivotal role in domestic and social spheres of life. Feminism means equal rights for all regardless gender. It is fact women were not given their equal status in ancient times. Women were not allowed to go out of their houses. Period of feminism is regarded as evolutionary period in the history of mankind. Now in contemporary times women are enjoying high status in society. They are playing constructive role in every walk of life. Theory of feminism deals with gender inequality. Political, cultural and sociological theories are also a part of feminism. Protection of women’s rights is the integral part of feministic theory. This theory is based on gender equality. Feminists are of the view that women also enjoy equal rights in society. According to Li and Bolaria (1994), they define feminism as an “awareness of the special problems which is faced by women in the contemporary society.”&nbsp; Li and Bolaria are of the view that&nbsp;&nbsp; feminism is an attempt which is made for the betterment of women

Towards Effective and Efficient Energy Management of Single Home and a Smart Community Exploiting Heuristic Optimization Algorithms with Critical Peak and Real-Time Pricing Tariffs in Smart Grids

Nowadays, automated appliances are exponentially increasing. Therefore, there is a need for a scheme to accomplish the electricity demand of automated appliances. Recently, many Demand Side Management (DSM) schemes have been explored to alleviate Electricity Cost (EC) and Peak to Average Ratio (PAR). In this paper, energy consumption problem in a residential area is considered. To solve this problem, a heuristic based DSM technique is proposed to minimize EC and PAR with affordable user’s Waiting Time (WT). In heuristic techniques: Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA) and Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) are implemented. Furthermore, a novel heuristic algorithm has been proposed by merging the best features of the aforementioned existing algorithms. We test the proposed scheme on single homes and on smart community (involving multiple households). Different Operational Time Intervals (OTIs) are also considered for implementation. We have performed simulations for validating the our scheme. Results clearly demonstrate that the proposed Hybrid Bacterial Flower Pollination Algorithm (HBFPA) shows efficacy for EC and for reduction of PAR with reasonable user WT